What Gives Cannabis Its Smell and Flavor? A New Scientific Review Has Some Answers
If you’ve ever cracked open a jar of THCA flower at PhenomWell and thought, “Wow, this one smells like citrus,” or “That’s straight-up diesel,” you’re picking up on a complex mix of aroma and flavor compounds that make cannabis so distinctive.
A new scientific review published in the journal Molecules takes a deep dive into those compounds — and how they’re shaped by everything from plant genetics to soil nutrients, light exposure, and even how the flower is dried and cured. You can read the full open-access study here:
👉 Exploring Aroma and Flavor Diversity in Cannabis sativa L.
Ben Adlin at Marijuana Moment wrote a great summary of the research, highlighting what this means for growers, breeders, and cannabis lovers alike. His article is worth checking out:
👉 What Gives Marijuana Strains Their Distinctive Smells And Flavors? A New Scientific Review Sheds Light
More Than Just Terpenes
For years, most of us have thought of terpenes as the main drivers of smell and flavor in cannabis. And they are important — compounds like limonene (citrusy), myrcene (earthy), and caryophyllene (peppery) do a lot of the heavy lifting.
But this new review points out that other compounds also matter: flavonoids, esters, ketones, sulfur compounds, and even minor volatiles that show up in tiny amounts but pack a sensory punch. For example, the “skunky” smell in some strains comes from sulfur-containing compounds that resemble those found in garlic.
Genetics Matter — But So Does How You Grow and Handle the Plant
The chemical makeup of a strain is shaped by its genetics and how it's grown. Things like soil, nutrients, water, and even the color of light can influence the terpene profile. UV light, for instance, can boost certain compounds — but too much light or heat can also break them down.
Post-harvest processes like drying and curing are just as important. Done right, they can preserve flavor. Done wrong, they can degrade it.
That’s why, at PhenomWell, we pay close attention to how our flower is cultivated, shipped, and stored. You’ll notice the difference when you open the jar.
Why This Matters for You
Smell and flavor aren’t just about enjoyment — they can also affect how you feel. Some research suggests that different aroma profiles may shape your experience, whether you’re looking to relax, laugh, sleep, or focus.
Plus, consistent sensory profiles help you find strains that work well for you — and help us recommend the right ones when you’re shopping in-store or online.
A Flavor Wheel for Cannabis?
One cool idea from the review: cannabis researchers and breeders could benefit from a standard flavor and aroma wheel, like what we see in wine or coffee. Imagine being able to quickly match a strain’s taste and smell to its effects — and your preferences — using a shared language.
We’re not there yet, but we’re getting closer. And research like this helps.
Interested in exploring the flavor and aroma of top-shelf THCA flower?
Come by the shop or check out our online selection. We’re always happy to walk you through the current lineup.